| From 1800 to 1830, there was no major progress in the field of cosmetics in France, except in the soap industry. The latter favored the development of the trade of oils (coco, olive, palm, etc.). Over the course
of a century, knowledge in this field was totally renewed. Soap-making operations were little known of scientists at the time when Pierre-Joseph Macquer wrote his Dictionnaire de chimie (published for the first time
in 1766 and re-edited until 1789), and Michel-Eugène Chevreul, leading the revolution in the knowledge on the chemistry of fatty substances, was the first to understand that a soap composed of a fatty acid and an
alkali is, chemically speaking, a salt. |
| Bill of lading from the perfumer Nicolas Bruery located in Grasse (France). Connaissement maritime pour des produits de parfumerie. A Cannes, le 16 janvier 1816. |
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| © Collection privée. |
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| Working tools used in the soap factories around the 1820s. Gabriel Decroos. Traité sur les savons solides, ou Manuel du savonnier et du parfumeur …. Paris: Chez l'auteur, M.P. Guyot, 1821. |
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This document is freely available
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| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote 44002. |
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| Working tools used in the soap factories around the 1820s. Gabriel Decroos. Traité sur les savons solides, ou Manuel du savonnier et du parfumeur …. Paris: Chez l'auteur, M.P. Guyot, 1821. |
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This document is freely available
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| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote 44002. |
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| Working tools and ovens used in the soap factories around the 1840s. L. Thillaye. Nouveau manuel théorique et pratique du savonnier ou l'art de faire toute sorte de savon …. Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret, 1839. |
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This document is freely available |
| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote 11586. |
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| New soaps improved at the Gellé frères factory (patented in 1835). La Parfumerie française et l’Art dans la présentation. Paris: La Revue des marques de la parfumerie et de la savonnerie, 1925. |
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| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote RES 8536. |
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| Arnavon Soap Factory located in Marseille. Engraving from: Turgan. Les grandes usines. Etudes industrielles en France et à l'étranger. Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1866. |
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| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote 5848-2. |
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| Arnavon Soap Factory located in Marseille. Engraving from: Turgan. Les grandes usines. Etudes industrielles en France et à l'étranger. Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1866. |
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| BIU Santé Pharmacie : cote 5848-2. |
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