Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

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1997, Vol. 31 (1)	(PDF complet : 48 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 416 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 3-4 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0003.pdf	3-4
Ségal, A.. - XXXVe Congrès de la Société internationale d'histoire de la médecine. Ile de Cos, 2-8 septembre 1996. Compte rendu. (PDF 923 Ko) Pour citer cet article Ségal, A.. - XXXVe Congrès de la Société internationale d'histoire de la médecine. Ile de Cos, 2-8 septembre 1996. Compte rendu. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 5-6 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0005.pdf	5-6
Compte rendu de la réunion commune de la Société française de neurologie, de la Société française d'histoire de la médecine et de la Société française d'histoire de la neurologie. Jeudi 3 octobre 1996. Amphithéâtre Charcot, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière. “L'histoire de la Salpêtrière”. [A joint meeting of the Société française de neurologie, the Société française d'histoire de la médecine and of the Société française d'histoire de la neurologie (Amphithéâtre Charcot, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Thursday October 3, 1996): “The history of the Salpêtrière“.] (PDF 1057 Ko) Pour citer cet article Compte rendu de la réunion commune de la Société française de neurologie, de la Société française d'histoire de la médecine et de la Société française d'histoire de la neurologie. Jeudi 3 octobre 1996. Amphithéâtre Charcot, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière. “L'histoire de la Salpêtrière”. [A joint meeting of the Société française de neurologie, the Société française d'histoire de la médecine and of the Société française d'histoire de la neurologie (Amphithéâtre Charcot, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Thursday October 3, 1996): “The history of the Salpêtrière“.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 7-8 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0007.pdf	7-8
Leveau, Philippe. - Evolution de la réanimation respiratoire vue à travers celle des noyés. [The evolution of respiratory reanimation as seen by the drowned.] (PDF 12517 Ko) In addition to anecdotal techniques born from Galen reasoning, the method of recovering apparently drowned persons in the XVIIIth century surprises by the use of present techniques of artificial respiration. However, for over a century, these techniques was left on behalf of manual methods until the sixteens. In the XVIIIth century, resuscitation involves two principles: stimulation and artificial respiration. Amid stimulation, in addition to warmth, the choice treatment was to blow tobacco smoke into the rectum, which was used until the beginning of the XXth century. Inflation of the lungs was practised with mouth-to-mouth, and endotracheal or nasal intubation or tracheostomy with bellows, pistons or bladders, and the use of oxygen. But J. Leroy d'Etiolles, in 1827, demonstrated to the Académie des Sciences the iatrogen peril of the inflation of the lungs, and the risk to leave the people sophistical techniques without education. This transaction gave the alarm to the european philanthropic Societies which stood down the inflation of lungs in the method of recovering apparently drowned persons. Between 1830 and the sixteens, inflation was put in the place of "forced expiration" techniques: the famous Sylvester or Schaeffer methods. From the outset of the XXth century, oxygen is used widely by helpers, and physicians have elaborated subcutaneous and intravenous ways of infusion to this oxygen. It is only in 1958 that Safar and al. demonstrated mouth-to-mouth superiority in relation to chest compressions. Pour citer cet article Leveau, Philippe. - Evolution de la réanimation respiratoire vue à travers celle des noyés. [The evolution of respiratory reanimation as seen by the drowned.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 9-30 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0009.pdf	9-30
Dubois, Charles. - La querelle entre Laennec et Broussais. Analyse d'un document du Fonds Laennec. [The quarrel between Laennec and Broussais. An analysis of a document in the Laennec Archives.] (PDF 3129 Ko) The authors analyse a manuscript by Laennec. It is an answer to Broussais' attacks included in the text of the second edition of the treaty "Examen des doctrines médicales". It was written in 1821. It contains a critical of Broussais' physiological ideas and an exposition of the anatomo-clinical method. It is also an interesting document for a better knowledge of Laennec's personnality. Pour citer cet article Dubois, Charles. - La querelle entre Laennec et Broussais. Analyse d'un document du Fonds Laennec. [The quarrel between Laennec and Broussais. An analysis of a document in the Laennec Archives.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 31-36 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0031.pdf	31-36
Weiner, Dora B.. - Sur les pas de Pinel à la Salpêtrière, d'après des documents inédits. [In the footsteps of Pinel at the Salpêtrière, concerning some unedited documents.] (PDF 3988 Ko) In 1802, the government transferred the treatment of all indigent mentally ill women in the Paris region to Salpêtrière Hospice where Philippe Pinel was physician-in-chief. Four newly identified folio registers in the Paris hospital archives document how Pinel applied what he called "traitement moral" to the women under his care. He elaborated a method of supervised living and encouragement to work. The newly discovered case histories reveal that, in 3 years and 9 months - the timespan of Pinel's report to the Academy of Sciences - 265 out of 1 077 patients returned to their families, but 107 women, though cured, remained under police supervision. There appears to be no follow-up study. Pour citer cet article Weiner, Dora B.. - Sur les pas de Pinel à la Salpêtrière, d'après des documents inédits. [In the footsteps of Pinel at the Salpêtrière, concerning some unedited documents.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 37-44 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0037.pdf	37-44
Caire, Michel. - Esquirol en 1805: titres, travaux, services rendus. [Esquirol in 1805: titles, publications, performed duties.] (PDF 3985 Ko) Presentation of an unpublished letter from J.E.D. Esquirol to the minister of interior (Home Office) in 1805, in which the young alienist requests to be exempted from examinations before defending his medical thesis according to the "law of ventôse". The various stages of his cursus since 1791 are recalled. The request is annotated by Pinel, Lallement and Antoine Dubois. Pour citer cet article Caire, Michel. - Esquirol en 1805: titres, travaux, services rendus. [Esquirol in 1805: titles, publications, performed duties.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 45-52 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0045.pdf	45-52
Boulle, Lydie. - La Charité à Berlin du XVIIIe siècle au milieu du XIXe siècle. [Charity Hospital in Berlin from the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century.] (PDF 1488 Ko) The communication is a concise narrative of Charity hospital at Berlin. Pour citer cet article Boulle, Lydie. - La Charité à Berlin du XVIIIe siècle au milieu du XIXe siècle. [Charity Hospital in Berlin from the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 53-55 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0053.pdf	53-55
Histoire de la parasitologie. Séance organisée par le Professeur Jean Théodoridès, 11 mai 1996.
Théodoridès, Jean - Cordero del Campillo, Miguel - Rousset, Jean-Jacques. - Le Taenia ne serait-il pas folium? [Would not the Taenia be folium?] (PDF 2626 Ko) The name of Taenia solium is a problem for the latinists because solium cannot mean solitary. In some incunabula, appears the word folium. Because they studied latin and parasitology and because they know the possibility to confuse the s and the f in the gothic types, the authors are convinced, that the segment of the tapeworm, in the Breviarium attributed to Arnau de Vilanova, from which is originated the name of this worm was compared to a leaf (folium). Pour citer cet article Théodoridès, Jean - Cordero del Campillo, Miguel - Rousset, Jean-Jacques. - Le Taenia ne serait-il pas folium? [Would not the Taenia be folium?] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 56-60 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0057.pdf	56-60
Ioli, Antonio - Petithory, Jean-Claude - Théodoridès, Jean. - Francesco Redi et la naissance de la parasitologie expérimentale. [Francesco Redi and the birth of experimental parasitology.] (PDF 2998 Ko) Francesco Redi (1626-1697) born in Arezzo (Tuscany, Italy), an encyclopedic mind simultaneously naturalist, physician and poet is the founder of scientific and experimental parasitology by his works published in 1668 and 1684. In the first he showed the impossibility of spontaneous generation of insects (flies) and in the second are described over hundred species of parasites (helminths, mites, insects) from vertebrates and invertebrates with excellent illustrations. He has also recommended various antiparasitic remedies and specified their pharmacological action. It is besides under his influence that two of his disciples: Bonomo and Cestoni will rediscover and redescribe in 1687 the itch-mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis). Pour citer cet article Ioli, Antonio - Petithory, Jean-Claude - Théodoridès, Jean. - Francesco Redi et la naissance de la parasitologie expérimentale. [Francesco Redi and the birth of experimental parasitology.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 61-66 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0061.pdf	61-66
Théodoridès, Jean. - Rayer et son influence en parasitologie (avec des documents inédits). [Rayer's influence on parasitology (with unpublished documents).] (PDF 5770 Ko) The important contribution of P. Rayer to parasitology (human and animal) had never been studied so far. It includes chiefly a dozen papers published in Archives de médecine comparée (1842-43), a creation of Rayer. They deal with myxosporidia, helminths (nematodes, trematodes) and ectoparasitic insects. In the same periodical are published important parasitological contributions from germanic authors (J. Müller, G. Simon, A. de Nordmann). Three other papers from Rayer (1838, 1850) are devoted to human parasitic diseases (urinary bilharziosis, wuchereriasis) of which the exact etiology was still ignored. Two unpublished letters from G. Breschet and H. M. Edwards to Rayer dealing with the 1842-43 papers are given here. The contribution of Rayer's disciples to parasitology is then recalled: C. Davaine (the most important), Ch. Robin and J. A. Laboulbène. Pour citer cet article Théodoridès, Jean. - Rayer et son influence en parasitologie (avec des documents inédits). [Rayer's influence on parasitology (with unpublished documents).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 67-78 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0067.pdf	67-78
Doury, Paul. - Historique des rhumatismes parasitaires. [Historical perspective of parasitic rheumatisms.] (PDF 3471 Ko) For many centuries, it was believed that "rheumatisms" had an intestinal origin. The very important frequency of rheumatic diseases, and the equally very important frequency of parasitic diseases, explain that the random association of both conditions is very frequent; and numerous authors, in the past, concluded (without sufficient proof), to the parasitic origin of some rheumatic diseases. Later many authors denied any relation between parasitic and rheumatic diseases, after a critical study of papers published about the so-called "parasitic rheumatism". But, for decades, the rigorous study of very well selected case reports have authorized to give the scientific proof of the true existence of a strict relation between joint inflammatory manifestations and parasitic infestation, which are now called "reactive arthritis due to parasitic infestation", or "parasitic rheumatism", and which are now diagnosed by means of very strict criteria. Pour citer cet article Doury, Paul. - Historique des rhumatismes parasitaires. [Historical perspective of parasitic rheumatisms.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 79-85 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0079.pdf	79-85
Petithory, Jean-Claude - Théodoridès, Jean - Brumpt, Lucien. - Un prix Nobel discuté: Johannes Fibiger, 1926. [A challenged Nobel Prize: Johannes Fibiger, 1926.] (PDF 4604 Ko) Johannes Fibiger born in Denmark in 1867 died in 1928 from a cancer of the colon. First interested in bacteriology he became later (1900) professor of pathological anatomy. His chief work on the alleged cancerigenous role of a nematode Gongylonema neoplasticum in some species of rats allowed him to receive the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1926. The difficulties met later (species of Gongylonema spp. from rats, dietary, lack of vitamin A) and even the impossibility to reproduce his results have brought a contestation of this work. However the cancerigenous action of some parasitic heminths such as Schistosoma is now recognized. Pour citer cet article Petithory, Jean-Claude - Théodoridès, Jean - Brumpt, Lucien. - Un prix Nobel discuté: Johannes Fibiger, 1926. [A challenged Nobel Prize: Johannes Fibiger, 1926.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1997, 31 (1), pp. 87-96 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1997x031x001/HSMx1997x031x001x0087.pdf	87-96

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1997, Vol. 31 (1)