Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

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1991, Vol. 25 (2)	(PDF complet : 38 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 619 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 83-84 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0083.pdf	83-84
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 26 janvier 1991. / Compte rendu de la séance du samedi 23 février 1991. (PDF 2704 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 26 janvier 1991. / Compte rendu de la séance du samedi 23 février 1991. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 85-90 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0085.pdf	85-90
Dupras, André - Valles, Gérard. - Edouard Toulouse et l'émergence de la sexologie française. (PDF 2897 Ko) Edouard Toulouse (1865-1947), a french psychiatrist, put his shoulder to the wheel when sexology took its rise in France; the, he created the “Association d'Etudes Sexologiques” (Sexological Studies Society) in 1931. To his own mind, sexology was a strong and effectual lever helpful for “biocracy”, that is to say kind of human and social life grounded on biological and medical acquirements in connection with politics. Good understanding between his sexological and psychiatric thought shows the deepness of his medical and scientific works. Pour citer cet article Dupras, André - Valles, Gérard. - Edouard Toulouse et l'émergence de la sexologie française. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 91-96 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0091.pdf	91-96
Postel, Jacques - Farjon, E.. - Philippe Decourt (1902-1990) et la découverte des effets psychotropes de la chlorpromazine. [Philippe Decourt (1902-1990) and the discovery of the psychotropic effects of chlorpromazine.] (PDF 1997 Ko) Evocation of the scientific career of Ph. Decourt, an eminent member of our Society who passed on June 15 1990. His important role in medical research is particularly stressed here. Adviser of the pharmaceutical firm Specia and of the firm Rhône-Poulenc, his first works on synthetized sympathicolytics recently discovered by Daniel Bovet, in Fourneau's laboratory in the Pasteur Institute in the years 1936-40 will lead him in the early 1950's to the experimental study of chlorpromazine named later “Largactil” which opened in psychiatry the era of neuroleptics. Pour citer cet article Postel, Jacques - Farjon, E.. - Philippe Decourt (1902-1990) et la découverte des effets psychotropes de la chlorpromazine. [Philippe Decourt (1902-1990) and the discovery of the psychotropic effects of chlorpromazine.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 97-100 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0097.pdf	97-100
Dumaître, Paule. - Ambroise Paré dans l'Ouest. Le “voyage” de Basse-Bretagne (1543). [Ambroise Paré in western France. The “travel” in Brittany (1543).] (PDF 4185 Ko) The first act of A. Paré in western France has been evidently to be born there, but his origins are still obscure. His exact birth-day is unknown (probably 1510) as his father's profession (maybe a barber-surgeon) and the place of his birth-house. It is however sure that the fine Renaissance mansion situated in Bourg-Hersent known under the name of “A. Paré” s castle” was not his birth-house, another hypothesis having been suggested. Back in Paris after the Piémont campaign (1537-38) where he was Mr de Montmejean's surgeon, Paré, later engaged by Mr. de Rohan, was present at the siege of Perpignan (august 1542) form where he went to the camp of Maroilles not far from Avesnes. Nothing therefore seemed to bring him back in the west when suddenly the threat of an unexpected war - the English preparing a raid on the coast of Brest - will allow him to go to Brittany with Mr. de Rohan and the count of Laval. This is what Paré calles the “travel in Brittany” (june-july 1543). The expedition was soon over as the English frightened by the coastal artillery gave up a landing, but the army remained some time in garrison. On his way back Paré certainly stopped in Laval. He will come back once more in western France in the company of the young king Charles IX, as his first surgeon, during his long tour in France (1564-66) but he will not then have the opportunity to go so far as Laval which he did not however forget, introducing himself as “Ambroise Paré of Laval” in his “Oeuvres complètes” published in 1575. Pour citer cet article Dumaître, Paule. - Ambroise Paré dans l'Ouest. Le “voyage” de Basse-Bretagne (1543). [Ambroise Paré in western France. The “travel” in Brittany (1543).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 101-108 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0101.pdf	101-108
Ségal, Alain. - L'instrumentation chirurgicale à l'époque d'Ambroise Paré. [Surgical instruments at the time of Ambroise Paré.] (PDF 9790 Ko) According to the author, the “Oeuvres”, edited as early as 1575 from the first opuscules, produced, even at that time, a comprehensive synthesis of the surgical art by assembling not only the experiences and opinions of Paré concerning the surgery of his period as a whole but also contributing essential indications about the surgical instrumentation of the 16th century. Ambroise Paré contributed much to this thanks to his innate sense of the operative act from which he drew largely intellectual benefit during his military campaigns. Upon close examination of the editons of the “Oeuvres” produced during his lifetime such as those of 1575, 1585, and 1598, we perceive very well his concern to perfect his instruments and/or to adapt new ones to his practice. Furthermore, Ambroise Paré with an appropriate technology, sought security of utilization, that is, that the conceived instrument be the least harmful possible even in less skilful or unpracticed hands. (Example: his “trepan à Chaperon” with a protecting lid). It remains that his surgical arsenal with its exuberant ornamentation bears witness to his times! It is a pity that Paré hardly evokes the master cutlers who executed it! Pour citer cet article Ségal, Alain. - L'instrumentation chirurgicale à l'époque d'Ambroise Paré. [Surgical instruments at the time of Ambroise Paré.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 109-126 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0109.pdf	109-126
Abelanet, René - De Saint-Maur, Paul P.. - Le Musée Dupuytren, passé et présent. (PDF 3055 Ko) In 1835, Dupuytren Museum took place inside Cordeliers Monastery eating hall, a part of the Ecole pratique; it was inaugurated by Orfila, the Dean. Grounded upon grants picked here and there, it grew up among some others hospital gifts. During the XIXth century, Paris Medicine Faculty spent a lot of money to support Charles-Nicolas Houel (1815-1881) unweariedly working upon the Museum whose first catalogue (Denonvillers et Lacroix - 1842) showed more than 1000 elements. Thirty five years later, another catalogue (Houel) numbered 5000 and more. When, in 1935, the main building was crumbling away, every pieces were removed, put into cellars and many of them damaged. Whe have much to be thankful for Jacques Delarue (1901-1971) and his Associate Professor René Abelanet who carried out successfully the new fitting up. Gathered with Dejerine's legacy, everybody can gaze at gorgeous old medical societies remembrances and Dupuytren's books too, as well as most illustrious hand writings. Everything here gives a deep view upon last century surgery, anatomic moulding and medical teaching. Pour citer cet article Abelanet, René - De Saint-Maur, Paul P.. - Le Musée Dupuytren, passé et présent. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 127-132 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0127.pdf	127-132
Le Minor, Jean-Marie. - La collection de modèles anatomiques en plâtre Nicolas-Augier-Roux (1919-1939). [The Nicolas-Augier-Roux's collection of anatomical plaster casts (1919-1939).] (PDF 3915 Ko) The anatomical plaster casts of Nicolas-Augier-Roux constitute the last important collection of artificial anatomical models. They were created, under the direction of Professor A. Nicolas, in the Laboratory of Anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine of Paris, between 1919 and 1939. Dr. M. A. Augier performed the dissections on young subjects, mostly executed criminals. A plaster matrix was made for each anatomical layer. The plaster casts were moulded and painted from nature in oils by P. Roux. The first catalogue, published in 1923, described 19 casts, in total 52 models were made. This collection had a great success within the educational establishement. Pour citer cet article Le Minor, Jean-Marie. - La collection de modèles anatomiques en plâtre Nicolas-Augier-Roux (1919-1939). [The Nicolas-Augier-Roux's collection of anatomical plaster casts (1919-1939).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 133-140 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0133.pdf	133-140
Thillaud, Pierre L.. - La paléopathologie et l'avenir des musées anatomiques. (PDF 1534 Ko) Pour citer cet article Thillaud, Pierre L.. - La paléopathologie et l'avenir des musées anatomiques. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 141-144 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0141.pdf	141-144
Käbin, Ilo. - La recherche médicale à l'Université de Dorpat/Tartu de 1802 à 1940. (PDF 3245 Ko) The University of Dorpat - since 1919 the University of Tartu - in Estonia was founded in 1632 by Gustav II Adolf, the King of Sweden. The Faculty of Medicine achieved very significant successes in the 19th century, primarily in the basic disciplines of anatomy, physiology and experimental pharmacology. These included e.g. Volkmann's discovey that n. vagus impedes the action of the heart and Schmiedeberg's finding that muscarine stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. Dorpat's School of Surgery evolved on the basis of the well developped topographical anatomy. Aseptic surgery had its origin in Dorpat, not least via the introduction of rubber gloves for surgeons. Several of the famous internists of the 19th century who described new syndroms and diseases (e.g. Mb. Weil) worked at the University. The brief existence of Universitas Tartuensis in 1919-1940 brought a period of relative prosperity with resumption of the contacts with West European universities. After the Soviet occupation of Estonia the development of the Faculty of Medicine was changed. Pour citer cet article Käbin, Ilo. - La recherche médicale à l'Université de Dorpat/Tartu de 1802 à 1940. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 145-150 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0145.pdf	145-150
Cornet, A. - Thillaud, P.L. - Ségal, A. - Postel, J.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. (PDF 3876 Ko) Pour citer cet article Cornet, A. - Thillaud, P.L. - Ségal, A. - Postel, J.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 151-157 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0151.pdf	151-157
Ouvrages et publications reçus ou annoncés. (PDF 1131 Ko) Pour citer cet article Ouvrages et publications reçus ou annoncés. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (2), pp. 158-160 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x002/HSMx1991x025x002x0158.pdf	158-160

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1991, Vol. 25 (2)