Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

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2000, Vol. 34 (3)	(PDF complet : 60 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 439 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 195-196 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0195.pdf	195-196
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 22 janvier 2000. / Compte rendu de la séance du 26 février 2000. / Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 26 février 2000. / Allocution du Professeur Pallardy, Président sortant (26 février 2000). (PDF 6271 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de la séance du 22 janvier 2000. / Compte rendu de la séance du 26 février 2000. / Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 26 février 2000. / Allocution du Professeur Pallardy, Président sortant (26 février 2000). In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 197-210 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0197.pdf	197-210
"Anesthésie". Séance organisée par le Professeur Danielle Gourévitch (26 juin 1999).
Macdougall, Simone - Blair, John. - L'anesthésie survint rapidement; l'anesthésiste suivit plus lentement. Histoire de la dissémination de la découverte de l'anesthésie dans le Royaume Uni et les Etats Unis d'Amérique. [Anesthesia arrived unexpectedly and quickly; the anesthesiologist appeared more slowly. The story of the dissemination of the discovery of anesthesia in the United Kingdom and the United States of America.] (PDF 2825 Ko) Pour citer cet article Macdougall, Simone - Blair, John. - L'anesthésie survint rapidement; l'anesthésiste suivit plus lentement. Histoire de la dissémination de la découverte de l'anesthésie dans le Royaume Uni et les Etats Unis d'Amérique. [Anesthesia arrived unexpectedly and quickly; the anesthesiologist appeared more slowly. The story of the dissemination of the discovery of anesthesia in the United Kingdom and the United States of America.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 211-218 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0213.pdf	211-218
Cousin, Marie-Thérèse. - L'apport des scientifiques français à l'anesthésiologie. Les curares et la jonction neuromusculaire. [French scientific contributions to anesthesia. Curares and the neuromuscular junction.] (PDF 6244 Ko) In France, a number of scientists from the fields of chemistry, physiology and surgery have been interested in anaesthesiology. Claude Bernard, who published in 1872 the most exhaustive studies on anaesthesia, was also interested from 1844 in drug curare. He created a methodology, studied pharmacology, including pharmacokinetics and demonstrated the specific action on motor nerves while muscle retained its irritability. It was however A. Vulpian who put forward the idea that curare does not affect the nerve itself but may act on a "linking substance" between nerve and muscle. In these times (1862), Rouget described the end apparatus at the nerve-muscle junction in a way which was finally accepted by German authors. Fifty years later, Couteaux achieved the microanatomic study of the end plate (1909). More recently (1972), Changeux and his team isolated the acetylcholine receptor from the electric organ of the torpedo fish. Pour citer cet article Cousin, Marie-Thérèse. - L'apport des scientifiques français à l'anesthésiologie. Les curares et la jonction neuromusculaire. [French scientific contributions to anesthesia. Curares and the neuromuscular junction.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 219-230 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0219.pdf	219-230
Zimmer, Marguerite. - Rôle du dentiste Christopher Starr Brewster et de certains médecins d'origine américaine dans les débuts de l'anesthésie. [The role of the dentist Christopher Starr Brewster and of certain physicians of American origins in the debut of anesthesia.] (PDF 10104 Ko) Francis Willis Fisher (1821-1877), son of Freeman Fisher (1787-1860) and Mary Godfrey Bronson (1802-1885), was the nephew of the painter Alvan Fisher (1792-1863) and of the physician John Dix Fisher (1797-1850). At the beginning of December 1846, having made an appointment with a Parisian dentist for the extraction of a tooth, F. Willis Fisher resolved to experiment the new application of sulphuric ether. The dental office where he went with other professional men could have been that of his American colleague, Christopher Starr Brewster (1799-1870). Brewster was a pioneer in the field of anaesthesia. On 22 January 1847, he successfully administered the ether to his patients. Brewster was a friend of the dentist Horace Wells (1815-1848) and of James Henry Bennet (1816-1891), Vice-President of the Parisian Medical Society (1841-1843), then the Physician-Accoucheur to the Western General Dispensary of London (1845-1850). On 8 June 1848, Brewster married Anna Maria Bennet. Two children were born from this union: Henry Bennet Brewster and Mary Catherine Brewster. Pour citer cet article Zimmer, Marguerite. - Rôle du dentiste Christopher Starr Brewster et de certains médecins d'origine américaine dans les débuts de l'anesthésie. [The role of the dentist Christopher Starr Brewster and of certain physicians of American origins in the debut of anesthesia.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 231-248 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0231.pdf	231-248
Leveau, Philippe. - L'anesthésie et les techniques de réanimation des noyés. [Anesthesia and techniques for the resuscitation of drowned persons.] (PDF 1768 Ko) Close relations between anaesthesia and resuscitation technology are mutual. The concept of medical emergency took place around the history of respiratory resuscitation which allowed the growth of insuflation technology. The anaesthetist used those ways of respiratory resuscitation in order to interfer with anaesthesia complications; he introduced the artificial ventilation into the operating theatre and, later on, into future intensive care rooms. Pour citer cet article Leveau, Philippe. - L'anesthésie et les techniques de réanimation des noyés. [Anesthesia and techniques for the resuscitation of drowned persons.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 249-252 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0249.pdf	249-252
Guivarc'h, Marcel. - Antoine-Joseph Jobert de Lamballe, 1799-1867; ou l'essor de la chirurgie moderne. [Antoine-Joseph Jobert de Lamballe 1799-1867; or the impetus of modern surgery.] (PDF 10195 Ko) Jobert de Lamballe was a famous French surgeon who lived from 1830 to 1867. Born at Matignon, in France, (Côtes d'Armor country) in a poor family, he became Clinical Surgery Professor at Paris Faculté de Médecine and was known throughout the world for his works about intestinal suturing which, today, is remaining the visceral surgery basis. He was also acknowledged as the originator of plastic surgery, chiefly for the slipping flap regarding to vesico-vaginal fistulas which, before him were assessed as incurable. His success brought him fame and fortune in France, Europa and the U.S.A. Finally, he was the first in Europa to bring general anaesthesia into his hospital (December 1846). Remarkable surgeon in Saint-Louis and Hôtel-Dieu Paris hospitals, he was, also, known for his surgical animal's experimentation, but he was a mediocre speaker. He was King Louis-Philippe and Napoléon III's surgeon till his death on April the 19th, 1867, at Dr. Blanche's Clinic for mental diseases after he was falling into a painful depression. Pour citer cet article Guivarc'h, Marcel. - Antoine-Joseph Jobert de Lamballe, 1799-1867; ou l'essor de la chirurgie moderne. [Antoine-Joseph Jobert de Lamballe 1799-1867; or the impetus of modern surgery.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 253-270 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0253.pdf	253-270
Plessis, Jean-Louis. - Meckel! Vous avez dit Meckel, mon cher collègue? [Meckel! You said Meckel, my dear colleague?] (PDF 3183 Ko) Pour citer cet article Plessis, Jean-Louis. - Meckel! Vous avez dit Meckel, mon cher collègue? [Meckel! You said Meckel, my dear colleague?] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 271-276 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0271.pdf	271-276
Chico Ponce de León, Fernando - Boll Woehrlen, Marie-Catherine. - Guy de Chauliac et Alonso López de Hinojosos. Le premier livre de chirurgie du continent américain, Mexico, 1578. [Guy de Chauliac and Alonso López de Hinojosos. The first book of surgery on the American continent, Mexico, 1578.] (PDF 5563 Ko) Pour citer cet article Chico Ponce de León, Fernando - Boll Woehrlen, Marie-Catherine. - Guy de Chauliac et Alonso López de Hinojosos. Le premier livre de chirurgie du continent américain, Mexico, 1578. [Guy de Chauliac and Alonso López de Hinojosos. The first book of surgery on the American continent, Mexico, 1578.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 277-288 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0277.pdf	277-288
Huet, Maurice. - L'Institut impérial de bactériologie de Constantinople. [The Constantinople Imperial Bacteriology Institute.] (PDF 2754 Ko) The Constantinople Imperial Bacteriology Institute (CIBI) allowed the development of a common medical effort between France and Turkey at a time when the main European powers were competing to have an influence on the Ottoman Empire. In 1887, Turkey sent Zoreos Pacha, a medical doctor, to Paris to learn anti-rabies immunization techniques, and he started a rabies control institute after his coming back. In 1893, a cholera epidemic in Constantinople was vanquished by A. Chantemesse, sent by Pasteur, and France was allowed to start another microbiologic Institute. The first director of this Constantinople Imperial Bacteriology Institute was Maurice Nicolle. A brillant man, but suffering from a lack of diplomacy; he encountered numerous difficulties and regularly threatened to turn in his resignation. His successor, Paul Remlinger, arrived in 1900. His main research topic was rabies, and he became later a world-class expert on the subject. His position was taken over in 1911 by Paul-Louis Simond, unjustly forgotten nowadays despite his major discovery in 1898 showing that the plague was transmitted by ratfleas. The next director was a veterinary doctor, P. Forgeot, but his tenure was cut short by World War I, and he was the last French director of the CIBI. Since that time, Turkey has felt some gratitude towards France for its medical efforts. It organized in 1957 in Istambul a very congenial celebration for the 70th anniversary of the Rabies Control Institute, which numerous Pasteur Institute alumni attended. There is a clear contrast between the CIBI, the target of many intrigues and hostile maneuvers, and the North African Pasteur Institutes, which were making crucial discoveries during the same period. This contrast was mostly due to the absolute power of the Sultan, who would arbitrarily oppose some directors decisions, whereas the French government allowed the balanced growth of the Pasteur Institutes in territories under his control. Pour citer cet article Huet, Maurice. - L'Institut impérial de bactériologie de Constantinople. [The Constantinople Imperial Bacteriology Institute.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 289-294 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0289.pdf	289-294
Weygand, Zina. - De l'expérience de Cheselden (1728) aux expériences du Docteur Guillié sur l'ophtalmie contagieuse (1819-1820). Diverses modalités de l'utilisation de l'aveugle-né comme lieu de la preuve. [From the experience of Cheselden (1728) to the experiences of Dr. Guillié on contagious ophthalmia (1819-1820). Different methods of using those who were blind at birth as point of proof.] (PDF 5233 Ko) During the 18th century, oriented thinking about the origin of human knowledge, and the progress of ocular surgery, led to a number of observations on born blind recently cured from cataracts by famous surgeons. Such observations were continuously done during the 19th century, and they were interpreted either from the empiristic viewpoint or from the all along viewpoint. In 1820, Dr. Sébastien Guillié, manager and chief consultant at the Royal Institution for Younger Blind, prospected different experiments with four of his pupils, in order to prove the contagiousness of purulent ophtalmia. Despite the various differences between Dr. Guillié's experiments and his predecessors', the author voices that the century old habit of using blind people as subjects of experiment was the factor that allowed Guillié to grant permission for using his pupils as guinea pigs. Pour citer cet article Weygand, Zina. - De l'expérience de Cheselden (1728) aux expériences du Docteur Guillié sur l'ophtalmie contagieuse (1819-1820). Diverses modalités de l'utilisation de l'aveugle-né comme lieu de la preuve. [From the experience of Cheselden (1728) to the experiences of Dr. Guillié on contagious ophthalmia (1819-1820). Different methods of using those who were blind at birth as point of proof.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 295-304 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0295.pdf	295-304
Barry, Stéphane. - Bordeaux face à la peste aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles. [Bordeaux in the face of the plague in the 16th and 17th centuries.] (PDF 5525 Ko) Pour citer cet article Barry, Stéphane. - Bordeaux face à la peste aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles. [Bordeaux in the face of the plague in the 16th and 17th centuries.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 305-314 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0305.pdf	305-314
Lellouch, Alain - Valentin, Michel - Ségal, Alain. - Analyses d'ouvrages. (PDF 3357 Ko) Pour citer cet article Lellouch, Alain - Valentin, Michel - Ségal, Alain. - Analyses d'ouvrages. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 2000, 34 (3), pp. 315-320 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2000x034x003/HSMx2000x034x003x0315.pdf	315-320

Histoire des Sciences médicales

2000, Vol. 34 (3)